Water supply prospecting, purification and storage. Cold water demand and supply, hot water services; Boosted supply system, pipe sizing and pump selection. Bye-law, regulations and codes affecting gas services telephones, metering and system design, fire and smoke control.

Ventilation requirements refer to the necessary standards and guidelines for providing adequate airflow in a space.

A heat pump is in principle a refrigeration cycle. It differs in application, extracting heat from a low temperature source and upgrading it to a higher temperature for heat emission or water heating.

The type of drainage system selected for a building will be determined by the local water authority's established sewer arrangements. These will be installed with regard to foul water processing and the possibility of disposing surface water via a sewer into a local water course or directly into a soak-away.